I argue against an opinion of Namie. About the plastic bag of the supermarket, I think that I am enough as the present conditions. The bag must support the purchase of various visitors in a supermarket. In that department, the plastic bag has high flexibility, and the durability is high, and there is the merit that the long-term preservation is easy for. In this respect, I think that a substitute is impossible in the paper sack. The plastic bag causes the suffocation by the drinking by mistake, and there is surely the fault that the burden to an incinerator, recycling have difficult. However, I think that a merit is bigger than the demerit economically. I think that it is not economical that a shop owns paper sack and both plastic bags a lot. So I do not look for the replacement of the plastic bag and think the demerit of the plastic bag to be settled. I promote the eco-background to change to the biodegradable polymer. I think that it is important to look for a replacement at a point of view called the environment. However, it is important about the environment, but thinks that it is necessary to consider an economic thing when I introduce it on a national scale. I come to have no it to spare financially when I think about only environmental measures, and the reason is because I might finally fail. You should push forward things in consideration of cost or the economic loss that introduction requires carefully to prevent it. I think that the present conditions should reduce the number of the plastic bag the production and use not performing the substitute to a paper sack. When a bag canceling a demerit is developed while having a plastic bag and an about the same characteristic, you should decide introduction. Actually, the development of the polymer which is easy to be broken down into the microbe called biodegradable polymers advances. A representative example includes polylactic acid. I think that the plastic bag of the supermarket does not have to look for a replacement as of the present.
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About a constitutional amendment.
I am agreeable about constitutional revision. The current Constitution of Japan is never revised since it was taken effect. I was defeated for World War II and was established in 1947 when Japan was put under occupation of America. Pressure of America is big, and I think that it is not exaggeration even if it is said that Japanese what's what is not considered as for the constitutional contents very much. Japan did a big change in these approximately 70 years. However, constitution in itself was established just after that after the war and reflected then social conditions. Therefore there is a great difference and constitutional contents between the current social conditions. One of the points to revise is the text about the pacifism. I think that Japan is just after defeat and prevents you from resisting the victorious nation such as the United States at the time of constitution establishment when it was in contents such as the non-maintenance of the abandonment and the military power of the right of self-defense. At the time of establishment, the Self-Defense Forces which are the substantial armed forces less existed, but the field of activities of the Self-Defense Forces spreads out now. Therefore it is plain worldwide and thinks that it is in the contents which there was in the fact by doing a point becoming vague now concretely by specifying the significance of existence of the Self-Defense Forces or the activity in the text. The second is to turn big about human rights. The Internet was not thought about in those days. However, the conventional new human rights such as rights of privacy appeared by the spread of communications equipment now. However, handling and interpretation are difficult because it is not specified in a constitution. I think it to become very plain for the nation by specifying this. There are several points contradicting it by constitutional contents for a point to revise elsewhere. I think that it is not necessary to revise those all, but think that I have to revise it about pacifism in particular. I specify the significance of existence or the right to collective self-defense of the Self-Defense Forces, and it is a reason to want you to get rid of a useless debate.
I am agreeable about constitutional revision. The current Constitution of Japan is never revised since it was taken effect. I was defeated for World War II and was established in 1947 when Japan was put under occupation of America. Pressure of America is big, and I think that it is not exaggeration even if it is said that Japanese what's what is not considered as for the constitutional contents very much. Japan did a big change in these approximately 70 years. However, constitution in itself was established just after that after the war and reflected then social conditions. Therefore there is a great difference and constitutional contents between the current social conditions. One of the points to revise is the text about the pacifism. I think that Japan is just after defeat and prevents you from resisting the victorious nation such as the United States at the time of constitution establishment when it was in contents such as the non-maintenance of the abandonment and the military power of the right of self-defense. At the time of establishment, the Self-Defense Forces which are the substantial armed forces less existed, but the field of activities of the Self-Defense Forces spreads out now. Therefore it is plain worldwide and thinks that it is in the contents which there was in the fact by doing a point becoming vague now concretely by specifying the significance of existence of the Self-Defense Forces or the activity in the text. The second is to turn big about human rights. The Internet was not thought about in those days. However, the conventional new human rights such as rights of privacy appeared by the spread of communications equipment now. However, handling and interpretation are difficult because it is not specified in a constitution. I think it to become very plain for the nation by specifying this. There are several points contradicting it by constitutional contents for a point to revise elsewhere. I think that it is not necessary to revise those all, but think that I have to revise it about pacifism in particular. I specify the significance of existence or the right to collective self-defense of the Self-Defense Forces, and it is a reason to want you to get rid of a useless debate.
My experimennt theme is Preparation and characterization of LiNiO2 with fluorinated Ni(OH)2
Introduction
The lithium secondary battery is used as a power of a cellular phone or a notebook PC, and has become one of the electrochemistry devices most familiar to our life. The lithium ion battery is asked for the further high voltage devices with the spread of electric vehicles etc.
LiCoO2, LiNiO2 and LiMn2O2 have been used for cathode active in the lithium secondary battery. Among them LiNiO2 has the strong point in which high discharge capacity and material cost is lower in comparing with LiCoO2 and LiMn2O2 .But it has not been put to practical use yet because it has very sensitive against the water and thermal stability is not good. The surface of cathode materials in lithium ion battery is occurred by lithium ion insertion/ desorption. Therefore it is thought that the surface area of cathode active material has a big influence on the electrode properties. The surface area of the active material relates particle size of the primary particle. If it could make to suppress the grain growth of LiNiO2 particles without changing the crystalline, it has a great influence on the electrode properties. In the previous research, the modification of the cathode material surface by fluorine had a good influence on the electrode properties and the thermal stability. So in this study, the NiO was prepared by sintering of fluorinated Ni(OH)2 with F2 gas. And then LiNiO2 could be prepared by the reaction between NiO and Li2CO3. The effect of surface fluorination on the sintering temperature, grain growth and the electrochemical properties of LiNiO2 are investigated in here.
Experimental method
For the surface fluorination, Ni(OH)2 was carried out at 6.67kPa, in 1h, and RT. To prepare NiO, it was sintered at 750℃ for 6hours using Ni(OH)2 samples. LiNiO2 was prepared by mixing them in Li2CO3 and molar ratio 1:1.05, and heating at 700℃, 20 hours or 30 hours. Synthesized LiNiO2 was analyzed in XRD, SEM, XPS. By using the LiNiO2 made, while NMP was added in a ball mill together with conducting against (acetylene black) and binder (PVdF) blended by (mass ratio 8:1:1), coated aluminum sheet, was dried, I was cathode this. The anode electrode using a lithium metal, and to prepare the battery was subjected to charge-discharge test
.
Introduction
The lithium secondary battery is used as a power of a cellular phone or a notebook PC, and has become one of the electrochemistry devices most familiar to our life. The lithium ion battery is asked for the further high voltage devices with the spread of electric vehicles etc.
LiCoO2, LiNiO2 and LiMn2O2 have been used for cathode active in the lithium secondary battery. Among them LiNiO2 has the strong point in which high discharge capacity and material cost is lower in comparing with LiCoO2 and LiMn2O2 .But it has not been put to practical use yet because it has very sensitive against the water and thermal stability is not good. The surface of cathode materials in lithium ion battery is occurred by lithium ion insertion/ desorption. Therefore it is thought that the surface area of cathode active material has a big influence on the electrode properties. The surface area of the active material relates particle size of the primary particle. If it could make to suppress the grain growth of LiNiO2 particles without changing the crystalline, it has a great influence on the electrode properties. In the previous research, the modification of the cathode material surface by fluorine had a good influence on the electrode properties and the thermal stability. So in this study, the NiO was prepared by sintering of fluorinated Ni(OH)2 with F2 gas. And then LiNiO2 could be prepared by the reaction between NiO and Li2CO3. The effect of surface fluorination on the sintering temperature, grain growth and the electrochemical properties of LiNiO2 are investigated in here.
Experimental method
For the surface fluorination, Ni(OH)2 was carried out at 6.67kPa, in 1h, and RT. To prepare NiO, it was sintered at 750℃ for 6hours using Ni(OH)2 samples. LiNiO2 was prepared by mixing them in Li2CO3 and molar ratio 1:1.05, and heating at 700℃, 20 hours or 30 hours. Synthesized LiNiO2 was analyzed in XRD, SEM, XPS. By using the LiNiO2 made, while NMP was added in a ball mill together with conducting against (acetylene black) and binder (PVdF) blended by (mass ratio 8:1:1), coated aluminum sheet, was dried, I was cathode this. The anode electrode using a lithium metal, and to prepare the battery was subjected to charge-discharge test
.
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